| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Tour-modèle type 1811 ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Model-tower, 1811 type
A model tower (''tour-modèle''), also known as an Empire tower or a Napoleon tower, was a standardised defensive fortification created in 1811.
==History==
Napoleon I wished to remedy the disorder in France's coastal defences and so demanded the construction of a fortification combining powder magazines, food storehouses and gunners' lodgings in one building〔Michel Dion, ''Batteries, réduits, tours, forts, casemates... de Camaret et Roscanvel'', Association du Mémorial Montbarey, Brest, 1996, 67 p.〕 Napoleon's idea was that the cannons in coastal batteries were very vulnerable to enemy raids and so they could be made safer by combining these elements in a single building.〔Fortifications littorales : les tour-modèles "1811", in the general inventory,
http://patrimoine.region-bretagne.fr/main.xsp?execute=show_document&id=MERIMEEIA29002299, consulted 14 June 2011〕 As a coastal defensive chain, they can be compared to the United Kingdom's near-contemporaneous chain of Martello towers (built between 1804 and 1812).
This defence programme is known by the name "model towers and redoubts, 1811 type".〔 Their construction programme was begun in 1812 and was originally intended to run for ten years, but it was abandoned on Napoleon's abdication in 1814. Of the 160 model works originally planned (106 on the Atlantic coast, and 54 in the Mediterranean), only 12 towers were completed by 1814, including the 6 in Finistère around the roadstead of Brest (listed below). Louis-Philippe of France attempted to emulate Napoleon and complete this defence chain in 1846 with a set of standardised crenellated guardhouses.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Model-tower, 1811 type」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|